Delta Baryons – EthnoPhysics

Outline

Quark Models of Delta Baryons

Delta-baryons are represented by this collage of seed icons.

Here are some quark models of delta baryons. All delta baryons are built-up around the heart of familial seeds shown on the left. Particles with a different angular momentum or charge are modeled by including various quarks around this common kernel. Then excited states are obtained by adding even more quarks. The delta baryons may share more quarks in addition to the familial pattern. But this nugget is the minimum necessary to distinguish the delta baryons from other particle families. Nuclear particles are classified on this basis. EthnoPhysics analyzes the mechanics of delta baryons using chains of events noted by $\Psi = ( \mathsf{\Omega}_{1}, \, \mathsf{\Omega}_{2}, \, \mathsf{\Omega}_{3} \; \ldots \; )$ where each repeated cycle $\mathsf{\Omega}$ is composed of the following quarks.

Quark models for delta-baryons are shown in this spreadsheet screenshot.

The foregoing quark models completely specify the quantum numbers of delta baryons. The charge, angular momentum, baryon-number, lepton-number and strangeness are all correct. These models also produce accurate calculated values for the lifetime, width and mass. Results that fall outside of experimental uncertainty are noted with an X in all tables. There are just a handful of these errors from among hundreds of particles.

Delta Baryon Cores

Some highly excited states contain so many quarks that it may be difficult to see how the models work. So to view the underlying pattern, we ignore most of the quark/anti-quark pairs. The $\mathsf{q \overline{q}}$ pairs are needed for stability. But these field quarks obscure the minimum number of quarks required to identify a particle and account for its mass. So we remove them and the remaining core quarks are shown in the table below.

Fixing attention on the core shows more clearly how excited delta baryons are built-up over blocks of the same baryonic quarks. The mass depends on $\Delta n$ not $n$ . So $m$ is unchanged by any variation in the field of $\mathsf{q \overline{q}}$ pairs. A particle’s rest mass is completely determined by its core quarks.

Experimentally observed values are taken from this reference .

Delta Baryon Calculations

Here is a spreadsheet that shows a step-by-step calculation of delta baryon characteristics. For more detail about cell contents and formulae, click the download link at the bottom of the sheet. Then you can enter other quark-coefficients in the yellow cells to assess different particle models.

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