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The ๐™—-Meson

Outline

A Quark Model of the ๐™—-Meson

b-mesons are represented by this collage of seed icons.

Here is a quark-model of the ๐˜ฃ-meson. All ๐˜ฃ-mesons are built-up around the heart of familial seeds shown on the left. This nugget is the minimum necessary to distinguish ๐˜ฃ-mesons from other particle families.ย  Nuclear particles are classifiedย on this basis. EthnoPhysics analyzes the mechanics of ๐˜ฃ-mesons using chains of eventsย  noted by \Psi = ( \mathsf{\Omega}_{1}, \, \mathsf{\Omega}_{2}, \, \mathsf{\Omega}_{3} \; \ldots \; ) where each repeated cycle \mathsf{\Omega} is composed of the following quarks.

Quark models of b-mesons are shown in this spreadsheet screenshot.
The foregoing quark models completely specify the quantum numbers of ๐˜ฃ-mesons. The charge, angular momentum, baryon-number, lepton-number and strangeness are all correct. These models also produce accurate calculated values for the lifetime, width and mass. Results that fall outside of experimental uncertainty are noted with an X in all tables. There are just a handful of these errors from among hundreds of particles.

The ๐™—-Meson Core

Some highly excited states contain so many quarks that it may be difficult to see how the models work. So to view the underlying pattern, we ignore most of the quark/anti-quark pairs. The \mathsf{q \overline{q}} pairs are needed for stability. But these field quarks obscure the minimum number of quarks required to identify a particle and account for its mass.ย  So we remove them and the remaining core quarks are shown in the table below. The mass depends on  \Delta n not  n. So  m is unchanged by any variation in the field of \mathsf{q \overline{q}} pairs. A particle’s rest mass is completely determined by its core quarks.

This table shows that the ๐˜ฃ-mesons are interesting, and almost unique, because their quarks are bound together by exclusively magnetic fields. Experimentally observed values are taken from this reference .

Calculations for the ๐™—-Meson

Here is a spreadsheet that shows a step-by-step calculation of ๐˜ฃ-meson characteristics. For more detail about cell contents and formulae, click the download link at the bottom of the sheet. Then you can enter other quark-coefficients in the yellow cells to assess different particle models.